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In setting up the government's "bad bank," the feds shouldn't get too hung up on what they pay for impaired assets

Thomas Brown  ( about me )
Posted 02/03/2009
bankstocks.com
tbrown@bankstocks.com

From Bloomberg:  

Top officials continued their series of meetings yesterday as they examine options for the next phase of the government’s financial-industry bailout. The biggest challenge is finding a way to value banks’ toxic assets so that the government can buy or insure them while providing some limit to taxpayer losses, Dugan said. An announcement on the strategy may come early next week, an administration aide said. [Emph. added]

Maybe I’m missing something, but I don’t see why determining the right price the government should pay for a bank’s impaired assets ought to be so hard. The government will know where the banks have the assets marked, and will have its own estimate of net asset value, as well. (As Gary Townsend notes, the difference between those numbers can be large.) The “right” amount to pay will be somewhere in between those two prices. 

John Dugan says he wants to limit taxpayer losses on the purchases, but (and I don’t mean to sound like a spendthrift) isn’t his concern about “taxpayer losses” a bit misplaced at the moment? Congress hasn’t shown a lot of concern about saving the taxpayers money as it considers the $800 billion-plus stimulus package. And Congress has already approved another $700 billion to recapitalize the banking system, with more apparently on the way. The government has set aside hundreds of billions more to backstop everything from commercial paper to corporate debt.

So, lately, saving money doesn’t seem to be at the top of anyone’s priority list. Given all this, who cares if the government overpays by, say, 10% for a bank’s impaired assets? The “overpayment” would serve to strengthen the selling bank’s balance sheet, which the government is trying to do, in any event. What’s more, the marked prices of most financial assets are so depressed by now (witness, for instance, the marks Merrill Lynch took in its fourth quarter), that the government is apt to turn a profit on the purchases even if it pays a material premium to those marks. 

In the end, it will be impossible to determine what the exact “right” price for an impaired asset should be. Why try? Besides, most impaired assets have been marked down so severely that any transactions are apt to work in the government’s favor in any event. It’s more important, it seems to me, to get an aggregator bank up and running quickly than it is spending a lot of effort figuring out how to come up with the lowest possible purchase price. Better to come up with a price that’s merely reasonable, and get on with things.

What do you think? Let me know!

Related: From Barron's, A Mortgage Relief Plan That Actually Sounds Workable


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Ryan Morris Posted On 2/3/2009 3:30:23 PM

I agree - finding the right value is no different from determining the interest rate on the preferred shares they're capitalizing the banking system with right now. As far as I know they did 5% across the board for everyone, which is a nice round number, hardly a huge amount of determination put into that number, which is fundamentally the same as a price on an asset. Get to it!

jason Posted On 2/3/2009 4:28:11 PM

What an assinine comment! So, because the government has already wasted all of our taxpayer dollars, we should waste some more. How about we just give the banks $10 quadrillion dollars of our taxpayer dollars. Maybe you'll be happy about that. The poor working folks pay 30% of our wages so that thain can buy a commode with legs. great deal. maybe we should feed our kids garbage so that bankers can buy another corporate jet. The bankers are obviously deserving of all of our money as well as adoration for taking crazy risks with our money.

texalope Posted On 2/3/2009 4:29:36 PM

Spoken like an entrepreneur. The US government is a not for profit corporation. Whatever we make or lose will be lost in the sands of time.

Jason Norbeck Posted On 2/3/2009 4:54:41 PM

In my opinion, the "bad bank" should be funded with matching private capital. That would solve the pricing issue. The entity could be allowed to benefit from the favorable borrowing rates of the US Treasury, with the government equity in a senior position with a preferred return. There is a lot of room to price many of these assets using a 2-3% discount rate (Treasury rate), that would provide a very attractive return for the private equity, even in a junior position, and still avoid the concerns of overpricing. Just no mark-to-market accounting.

Jon  Posted On 2/3/2009 5:00:13 PM

Agreed. We are wasting a lot of time lambasting MTM accounting--which is well deserved but, in the meantime, Rome is burning. What I think we need to focus on is not the banks but the financial system's mountain of securitized assets rather than the handful of banks owning a small fraction of these assets. In the meantime, taxpayers are losing billions in the market everyday while Treasury and Congress fiddle and fail to act decisively.

Sal Posted On 2/3/2009 5:53:55 PM

Could not agree with you more

Lngolf Posted On 2/3/2009 5:59:33 PM

I believe that the Government(and therefore us taxpayers)will end up making money on both the equity positions they have taken, and the asset purchases they contemplate even at todays MTM values. In all respects these actions will be less costly than the many social programs that have been funded by tax payer dollars over the years. At least there is the promise of returning the money, unlike the cost of welfare payments.

Erich Riesenberg Posted On 2/3/2009 6:13:36 PM

Why try is the right question, but for a different reason. The bank I use made a nice profit in 2008, and should be allowed to pick up new business without competing against the government. The thought Treasury might make a profit off a 5% preferred is inane.

TJ Schoenlein Posted On 2/3/2009 8:28:21 PM

Makes sense to me,, do what they have to do and move out.

Harvumbia@aol.com Posted On 2/3/2009 8:37:37 PM

As someone who was in the credit side of banking for decades and gave an informed opinion on banks as counter-parties, I have found the pundits on CNBC,in government and elsewhere to show something rather short of analytical vigor in throwing up their hands at the idea of valuing impaired assets. Also some former bank colleagues who joined the regulators certainly have the smarts to value these assets. Surely there are large numbers of retired or unemployed bankers who would love to tackle determining the price of troubled assets. There are probably bright college graduates who seeing their dream of joining an investment bank evaporate would relish taking on valuing the impaired derivative products. You would think we were trying to guess at governance of the old USSR (a riddle wrapped in an enigma?) When you break it down banking as Walter Wriston once said is a 2 plus 2 business.

KC Kid Posted On 2/3/2009 9:39:34 PM

Why would banks make loans today if they thought the value of those loans would be marked down tomorrow to a thin market that's scared to death? Talk about the tail wagging the dog. The natural result is that banks will tend to hoard money for capital reserves, won't make many new loans, and the economy crashes causing more fear so the death spiral continues. One trade by a distressed seller sets the asset price for all and the mark downs and capital raises ensue. That M2M effect is bad enough by itself but then you add in the SKF Ultra Short Financial ProShares with no uptick rule combined with the continuing poor decisions on the part of many bankers and you have the perfect poison for quickly destroying our naturally leveraged banking system. Just look at some of the good banks like USB being taken apart apparently because they are simply unfortunate enough to be included in the leveraged SKF ultra shorting index. So essentially the government is now stepping in with trillions of dollars we can't afford but ironically will probably not be tied to FAS 157, the no uptick rule, and the SKF so it has a good chance of working providing they put enough money into it. However, why not just send these 157, no uptick, and SKF financial killers into history's trash bin of failed experiments. And, send a few bad bankers there too. Hopefully that will help get these financial gremlins and our taxpayers’ money off the backs of the banks. The stock market won’t go up much until this is on the mend. Steve Forbes is right on M2M and Oberg is right on SKF.

Erich Riesenberg Posted On 2/4/2009 7:21:53 AM

This is somewhat pitiful. A site like bankstocks.com misses the entire credit bubble, actually investing in a way consistent with a continuation of the bubble, now telling us the government should prop up the bubble for a bit longer. Why can't large banks and investors take full responsibility for their failings? Why should the public at large be forced to care?

jfle43 Posted On 2/4/2009 12:17:00 PM

...and just imagine if Paulson hadn't hijacked the process in the first place and had actually formulated a plan to purchase some of these assets a few months ago -- wasting the 2-3 months as he did was unconscionable (illegal?) and imo extended the duration of this mess by a quarter or two at the least.

Cox's Nightmare Posted On 2/4/2009 12:57:57 PM

Tom- Aren't you really making a case for the nixing of the mark to market rule? The fact that pricing is all over the map is a good argument to bring back accrual accounting for financial assets. How Cox and his FASB team ever saw fairness in forcing financial firms to submit to indices shorted by hedge funds is beyond me - and legions of financial experts across the country.

tompain Posted On 2/4/2009 2:35:08 PM

Why must we be so obsessed with getting these assets off the books, anyway. There are banks that don't have these bad assets. If those are the only banks that can thrive, let them grab market share while Citi puts its balance sheet into runoff. If Citi thinks the lost business opportunity is large enough, it will decide it should go ahead and dump the assets it needs to dump to get back in the game. Gov't needs to back off for a while and let things settle down. Credit will flow to creditworthy parties if we give the system a little time to stabilize itself. Banks will play it safe as long as there are indications that the government is still in the business of random execution of shareholders.

christopher Posted On 2/4/2009 9:29:31 PM

If the banks' economists, MBAs, mathematicians, CPAs and computers can't value these they should just take the impairment and the Feds should just quadruple the FDIC's funding and get on with it.

Tony P Posted On 2/5/2009 11:36:44 AM

I agree very much

Distressed Debt Buyer Posted On 2/5/2009 12:07:15 PM

Seems like the Federal Government is putting equity dollars into the banking system with their right hand and expecting the banks to lend based on that "new" equity. We all know a bank can leverage their equity with deposits at a 14 to 1 ratio, so in theory for every 1 million of equity injection, we should see 14 million in loans. But what is the left hand doing. The left hand are the regulators and they are beating up the banks asset quality and requireing reserves that decrease the banks equity and thus the lending power of the banks. Seems like if they want banks to survive and the restart lending, they should let up a bit on the banks and let them hold some of these assets at values that are not based on the current highly depressed market values (yes I have seen the mark to market columns). Using a bad bank structure will accomplish the same thing. My experience is that many banks have not yet taken their medicine for the poor quality commercial mortage loans they are holding and they can't with out having their book value drop to zero or less. Its a real mess out there.

Chamberlain Park Posted On 2/5/2009 2:13:52 PM

The problem we have is that massive changes to system have created uncertainty as to future predictions. It is this uncertainty that a government can help to bridge by providing time to heal the system. The basis for government purchase price of toxic assets needs to be grounded on facts as they exist today, not on scenario's used by distressed funds which have created these huge bid/ask spreads. As a tax payer, I would rather see the government buy assets or provide a guarantee versus selling these assets in bulk to distressed funds. Lets keep the problem in the system, if private equity is a solution then let it come from buying distressed under-capitalized banks versus whole loans and securities.
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